GYN – Adnexa

  • Pearls and Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Ovarian Torsion Key Points

    “The classic color Doppler sonographic finding in ovarian torsion is the absence of arterial flow. However, in one study involving patients with confirmed ovarian torsion, the absence of arterial flow was found in only 73% of cases. In another study, 60% had normal color Doppler flow findings.”

  • Endometriosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
  • Echogenic Ovarian Foci without Shadowing: Are They Caused by Psammomatous Calcifications? Key Points

    “US scans that show bright echogenic foci, especially those associated with distal acoustic shadowing, are frequently associated with flecks of calcium at histopathologic analysis. Our study results show that a nonshadowing echogenic focus on a sonogram is not diagnostic of underlying calcium and can be related to minute cysts below the spatial resolution of diagnostic US. The study results suggest that the echogenic foci produced by these tiny cysts may be the result of a specular reflection from the front and back walls of the cysts.”

    “In conclusion, there is a wide spectrum of appearances of bright echogenic foci, which vary in number, distribution, and location, in an otherwise normal ovary. In our study, these foci had a large association with nonsubstantial small cysts; thus, in our opinion, they should be regarded as benign. Therefore, we believe further imaging investigations or clinical follow-up may not be warranted in patients with these US findings.”